Abstract

Toxic discharges from urban and industrial sources per hydrographic zone of the Loire Bretagne basin. This data was collected as part of the initial assessment of the MSFD with the Water Agency of Loire-Bretagne. Referent expert AAMP: Aurélie Blanck.

Discharges of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter) and toxic releases (MI) per hydrographic zone from industries and communities of the Adour-Garonne basin. This data was collected as part of the initial assessment of the MSFD with the Water Agency of Adour-Garonne. Referent expert AAMP: Aurélie Blanck.

Data represents percentage cover of kelp forest as well as biomass of the 2 main species: L. digitata and L. hyperoborea. The used approach consists in firstly establishing surveys and appropriate processing methods in order to provide a detailed underwater topography of the area and to accurately delineate hard substrates (bedrock) potentially colonized by kelp. Secondly, a habitat suitability model is fitted for each species on some carefully selected field stations, measuring kelp presence/absence and biomass. Predictive maps are produced, based on hard substrate areas previously delineated.

Process-driven seafloor habitat sensitivity (PDS) has been defined from the method developed by Kostylev and Hannah (2007), which takes into account physical disturbances and food availability as structuring factors for benthic communities. It is a conceptual model, relating species’ life history traits to environmental properties. Physical environment maps have been converted into a map of benthic habitat types, each supporting species communities with specific sensitivity to human pressures. It is based on two axes of selected environmental forces. The "Disturbance" (Dist) axis reflects the magnitude of change (destruction) of habitats (i.e. the stability through time of habitats), only due to natural processes influencing the seabed and which are responsible for the selection of life history traits. The "Scope for Growth" (SfG) axis takes into account environmental stresses inducing a physiological cost to organisms and limiting their growth and reproduction potential. This axis estimates the remaining energy available for growth and reproduction of a species (the energy spent on adapting itself to the environment being already taken into account). It can be related to the metabolic theory of the ecology. The process-driven sensitivity (PDS) can be seen as a risk map that combines the two previous axes and reflects the main ecological characteristics of the benthic habitats regarding natural processes. Areas with low disturbance are areas with a naturally low reworking of the sediment, allowing the establishment of a rich sessile epifauna community, with K-strategy species. Areas with low SfG means that the environmental factors, even though there are not limiting, are in lower values, i.e. that it imposes a cost for species to live. In areas combining low disturbance and low SfG, big suspension-feeder species with long life and slow growth can often be found: these species are more vulnerable in case of added disturbance. Details may be found in Foveau A, Vaz S, Desroy N, Kostylev VE (2017) Process-driven and biological characterisation and mapping of seabed habitats sensitive to trawling. PLoS ONE 12(10): e0184486. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184486

Created in 2015, it follows on from the RESCO launched in 2009, and REMORa launched in 1993. In 2015, the structure and operation of the former RESCO network was used to implement planned monitoring of oysters. More specifically, the sentinel batches used by the network, representing 3 age classes (6 months, 18 months of the previous year and 30 months of the previous year) are monitored regularly (frequency: bi-monthly or monthly). throughout the year at 12 national sites (corresponding to former RESCO sites). At each passage, counts are made to assess the mortality rate, and different types of laboratory diagnostic tests will be performed: - initially, the new spat batches (Ifremer Standardized Spats) will undergo specific PCR analyzes to search for potentially present infectious agents (OsHV-1 and Vibrio aestuarianus) but also non-specific analyzes (histology, classical bacteriology) for the possible detection of other pathogenis agents ; - for the detection of emerging diseases, the first dying batches detected for each age group, for each site, will undergo specific laboratory (OsHV-1 and Vibrio aestuarianus PCR) and non-specific (histology) diagnostic tests in order to detect as early as possible emerging diseases in these sentinel batches; - for the detection of exotic diseases, in the absence of a hierarchy of exotic diseases being available for oysters, it was decided to monitor the parasite Mikrocytos mackini because infection with this parasite is regulated at European level, on one of the RESCOII sites (Loix en Ré) previously identified as a site at risk with respect to the introduction of this parasite. In addition to these mortality follow-ups and the laboratory diagnoses, each site is equipped with a probe to allow it to gather environmental parameters (temperature, pressure, salinity) at high frequency. The various results are stored in the Quadrige² database, and are available for the various actors involved. The network is closely linked to a dedicated website which allows the dissemination of objectives, protocols and results, and which will be updated every month. In parallel, newsletters summarizing the results obtained are sent by e-mail every month to the State services.

This mapping includes contract for the Baie des Golfes de Lérins. The study area extends from the tip of the Notre Dame in the town of Théoule-sur-Mer to Cap up to Antibes (Ilette tip included) on the bathymetry up to the surface of the contour from 60 meters.

National network for monitoring the health status of shellfish populations in natural beds or in shellfish growing areas. It performs a regulatory role and a public service activity delegated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries through the DGAL (General Directorate for Food).

Within the framework of the establishment of a nuclear power plant on the coast of the town of Flamanville, Electricité de France has entrusted Ifremer with ecological and fishery studies on the site's surroundings. One of the expert assessments consists of conducting two shellfish fishing campaigns each year. Their objectives are to monitor the natural fluctuations of the main indicators selected during the start-up of the plant and to evaluate the impact of the plant on the surrounding fishery.

This data set was obtained during 2 ENVISION-IFREMER field campaigns carried out in 2007 and 2011, to sustain a R & D project aimed to develop pectinid aquaculture. This project was co-funded by the St Pierre et Miquelon public collectivity and ODEADOM. This represents a synthesis of spatial analysis based upon multi-criteria to assess future seeding and rearing areas for King scallop Placopecten magellanicus on the Eastern coast of Saint Pierre et Miquelon.